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提问的智慧 (How To Ask Questions The Smart Way)

本主题由 信仔 于 2008-5-4 21:55 合并
Dealing with rudeness

Much of what looks like rudeness in hacker circles is not intended to give offen
ce. Rather, it's the product of the direct, cut-through-the-bullshit communicati
ons style that is natural to people who are more concerned about solving problem
s than making others feel warm and fuzzy.

When you perceive rudeness, try to react calmly. If someone is really acting out
, it is very likely that a senior person on the list or newsgroup or forum will
call him or her on it. If that doesn't happen and you lose your temper, it is l
ikely that the person you lose it at was behaving within the hacker community's
norms and you will be considered at fault. This will hurt your chances of getti
ng the information or help you want.

On the other hand, you will occasionally run across rudeness and posturing that
is quite gratuitous. The flip-side of the above is that it is acceptable form
to slam real offenders quite hard, dissecting their misbehavior with a sharp ver
bal scalpel. Be very, very sure of your ground before you try this, however. The
line between correcting an incivility and starting a pointless flamewar is thin
enough that hackers themselves not infrequently blunder across it; if you are
a newbie or an outsider, your chances of avoiding such a blunder are low. If you'
re after information rather than entertainment, it's better to keep your fingers
off the keyboard than to risk this.

(Some people assert that many hackers have a mild form of autism or Asperger's
Syndrome, and are actually missing some of the brain circuitry that lubricates
`normal' human social interaction. This may or may not be true. If you are not
a hacker yourself, it may help you cope with our eccentricities if you think of
us as being brain-damaged. Go right ahead. We won't care; we like being whateve
r it is we are, and generally have a healthy skepticism about clinical labels.)

In the next section, we'll talk about a different issue; the kind of `rudeness'
you'll see when you misbehave.

On Not Reacting Like A Loser

Odds are you'll screw up a few times on hacker community forums — in ways detai
led in this article, or similar. And you'll be told exactly how you screwed up,
possibly with colourful asides. In public.

When this happens, the worst thing you can do is whine about the experience, cla
im to have been verbally assaulted, demand apologies, scream, hold your breath,
threaten lawsuits, complain to people's employers, leave the toilet seat up, et
c. Instead, here's what you do:

Get over it. It's normal. In fact, it's healthy and appropriate.

Community standards do not maintain themselves: They're maintained by people act
ively applying them, visibly, in public. Don't whine that all criticism should
have been conveyed via private mail: That's not how it works. Nor is it useful
to insist you've been personally insulted when someone comments that one of your
claims was wrong, or that his views differ. Those are loser attitudes.

There have been hacker forums where, out of some misguided sense of hyper-courte
sy, participants are banned from posting any fault-finding with another's posts,
and told "Don't say anything if you're unwilling to help the user." The resulti
ng departure of clueful participants to elsewhere causes them to descend into me
aningless babble and become useless as technical forums.

Exaggeratedly "friendly" (in that fashion) or useful: Pick one.

Remember: When that hacker tells you that you've screwed up, and (no matter how
gruffly) tells you not to do it again, he's acting out of concern for (1) you
and (2) his community. It would be much easier for him to ignore you and filter
you out of his life. If you can't manage to be grateful, at least have a little
dignity, don't whine, and don't expect to be treated like a fragile doll just
because you're a newcomer with a theatrically hypersensitive soul and delusions
of entitlement.



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http://www.akeysoft.com/blog(个人BLOG)
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三思而后问 ( Questions Not To Ask)
以下是几个经典蠢问题,以及黑客在拒绝回答时的心中所想:

问题:我能在哪找到X程序?

问题:我的程序/配置/SQL申明没有用

问题:我的Windows有问题,你能帮我吗?

问题:我在安装Linux(或者X)时有问题,你能帮我吗?

问题:我怎么才能破解root帐号/窃取OP特权/读别人的邮件呢?

提问:我能在哪找到X程序?

回答:就在我找到它的地方啊蠢货--搜索引擎的那一头。天呐!还有人不会用Google吗?

提问:我的程序(配置、SQL申明)没有用

回答:这不算是问题吧,我对找出你的真正问题没兴趣--如果要我问你二十个问题才找得出
来的话--我有更有意思的事要做呢。

在看到这类问题的时候,我的反应通常不外如下三种:

1. 你还有什么要补充的吗?

2. 真糟糕,希望你能搞定。

3. 这跟我有什么鸟相关?

提问:我的Windows有问题,你能帮我吗?

回答:能啊,扔掉Microsoft的垃圾,换Linux吧。

提问:我在安装Linux(或者X)时有问题,你能帮我吗?

回答:不能,我只有亲自在你的电脑上动手才能找到毛病。还是去找你当地的Linux用户组
寻求手把手的指导吧(你能在这儿找到用户组的清单)。

提问:我怎么才能破解root帐号/窃取OP特权/读别人的邮件呢?

回答:想要这样做,说明你是个卑鄙小人;想找个黑客帮你,说明你是个白痴!

好问题,坏问题 ( Good and Bad Questions )

最后,我举一些例子来说明,怎样聪明的提问;同一个问题的两种问法被放在一起,一种是
愚蠢的,另一种才是明智的。

蠢问题:我可以在哪儿找到关于Foonly Flurbamatic的资料?

这种问法无非想得到“STFW”这样的回答。

聪明问题:我用Google搜索过“Foonly Flurbamatic 2600”,但是没找到有用的结果。
谁知道上哪儿去找对这种设备编程的资料?

这个问题已经STFW过了,看起来他真的遇到了麻烦。

蠢问题:我从FOO项目找来的源码没法编译。它怎么这么烂?

他觉得都是别人的错,这个傲慢自大的家伙

聪明问题:FOO项目代码在Nulix 6.2版下无法编译通过。我读过了FAQ,
但里面没有提到跟Nulix有关的问题。这是我编译过程的记录,我有什么做得不对的地方吗?

他讲明了环境,也读过了FAQ,还指明了错误,并且他没有把问题的责任推到别人头上,这
个家伙值得留意。

蠢问题:我的主板有问题了,谁来帮我?

普通黑客对这类问题的回答通常是:“好的,还要帮你拍拍背和换尿布吗?”,然后按下删除
键。

聪明问题:我在S2464主板上试过了X、Y和Z,但没什么作用,我又试了A、B和C。请注意当
我尝试C时的奇怪现象。显然边带传输中出现了收缩,但结果出人意料。在多处理器主板上
引起边带泄漏的通常原因是什么?谁有好主意接下来我该做些什么测试才能找出问题?

这个家伙,从另一个角度来看,值得去回答他。他表现出了解决问题的能力,而不是坐等
天上掉答案。在最后一个问题中,注意“告诉我答案”和“给我启示,指出我还应该做什
么诊断工作”之间微妙而又重要的区别。



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http://www.akeysoft.com/blog(个人BLOG)
http://www.viathink.com(公司网站)

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事实上,后一个问题源自于2001年8月在Linux内核邮件列表上的一个真实的提问。我(Eric
)就是那个提出问题的人。我在Tyan S2464主板上观察到了这种无法解释的锁定现象,列表
成员们提供了解决那一问题的重要信息。

通过我的提问方法,我给了大家值得玩味的东西;我让人们很容易参与并且被吸引进来。我
显示了自己具备和他们同等的能力,邀请他们与我共同探讨。我告诉他们我所走过的弯路,
以避免他们再浪费时间,这是一种对他人时间价值的尊重。后来,当我向每个人表示感谢,
并且赞赏这套程序(指邮件列表中的讨论--译者注)运作得非常出色的时候,一个Linux内
核邮件列表(lkml)成员表示,问题得到解决并非由于我是这个列表中的“名人”,而是因
为我用了正确的方式来提问。

我们黑客从某种角度来说是拥有丰富知识但缺乏人情味的家伙;我相信他是对的,如果我象
个乞讨者那样提问,不论我是谁,一定会惹恼某些人或者被他们忽视。他建议我记下这件事
,给编写这个指南的人一些指导。

找不到答案怎么办 (If You Can't Get An Answer)

如果仍得不到答案,请不要以为我们觉得无法帮助你。有时只是看到你问题的人不知道答案
罢了。没有回应不代表你被忽视,虽然不可否认这种差别很难区分。

总的说来,简单的重复张贴问题是个很糟的想法。这将被视为无意义的喧闹。

你可以通过其它渠道获得帮助,这些渠道通常更适合初学者的需要。有许多网上的以及本地
的用户组,由狂热的软件爱好者(即使他们可能从没亲自写过任何软件)组成。通常人们组
建这样的团体来互相帮助并帮助新手。

另外,你可以向很多商业公司寻求帮助,不论公司大还是小(RedHat和LinuxCare就是两个
最常见的例子)。别为要付费才能获得帮助而感到沮丧!毕竟,假使你的汽车发动机汽缸
密封圈爆掉了--完全可能如此--你还得把它送到修车铺,并且为维修付费。就算软件没花
费你一分钱,你也不能强求技术支持总是免费的。

对大众化的软件,就象Linux之类而言,每个开发者至少会有上万名用户。根本不可能由一
个人来处理来自上万名用户的求助电话。要知道,即使你要为帮助付费,同你必须购买同
类软件相比,你所付出的也是微不足道的(通常封闭源代码软件的技术支持费用比开放源
代码软件要高得多,且内容也不那么丰富)。



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Related Resources
If you need instruction in the basics of how personal computers, Unix, and the
Internet work, see The Unix and Internet Fundamentals HOWTO.

When you release software or write patches for software, try to follow the guide
lines in the Software Release Practice HOWTO.




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http://www.akeysoft.com(英文)
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建议大家提问前做几件事

1、查看SDK的联机手册;
2、查看第三方开发工具的联机手册;
3、去开发包供应商的主页查看FAQ、Documents、KB或者Support等等;
4、去Google的“新闻群组”搜索;
5、去Google的“所有网站”搜索;
6、在本论坛搜索;
7、看看本论坛Keep Up的帖子;

如果进行了上面的6个步骤还没有解决问题,那肯定是需要别人帮助了,大胆提问吧!




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菜鸟发话了

什么是SDK呢?

netzerg001@msn.com Palm M515+hp1940 把液晶显示器竖起来浏览论坛真是爽啊! :hi: :gudl: 

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Software Development Kit



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如果 我很菜很菜呢?



大家好,我是菜鸟,请多关照:)

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有这样一些观众,说实话,斑竹,我同情你。:X::X:

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太有帮助了,为dumm得贡献深表感谢

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